Those on-line lessons are to be used with the Cram Discovery Series will maps and globes. This includes the following:   United States Discovery Map   World Discovery Map   Landscape Picture Map These lessons are designed to be easy to use by the teacher and the students. The lesson plan format allows the teacher to scan each lesson and quickly determine the content. Each lesson is short and can generally be complete in less than one class period. The lessons are sequentially developed. However, it is not essential to use every lesson with every student. The program is flexible and the teacher may choose the lesson which best meets his/her classroom requirements. LESSONS There are 13 lessons, which use the United State map. There are 15 lessons, which use the globe and World Map. And there are 14 lessons that use the Landscape Picture Map. All lessons are sequenced from easy to more difficult. In addition, all lessons have these common characteristics. -    Lessons promote student interaction with wall map. -    Lessons are short. All lessons can be complete in one instructional setting. -    Geographic vocabulary is carefully controlled. A complete listing of geographic terms and their definitions are provided. -    Lessons teach appropriate skills and concept for young students. Each lesson is correlated with map and globe skills and the five themes of geography. See the attached scope and sequence charts. Chart A for United States and World Lessons, and Chart B for Landscape Picture Map Lessons. LESSON PLAN FORMAT Each lesson follows a structured lesson plan format. Objectives are clearly stated providing the teacher with identifiable student goals. Materials Needed to complete the lesson is listed. Lesson teaching strategies are provided within the body of the lesson. APPROPRIATE MAP AND GLOBE SKILLS The program has been carefully written to include only those map and globe skills appropriate for young learners. A listing of map and globe skills taught is listed below.   Globe Use   Map Use   Introduction to Map Symbols   Identification of People-Made Features   Identification of Natural Features   Direction   Scale   Location The Map and Globe Skills Scope and Sequence Chart (Chart A) will be helpful in determining which skills are taught with which lesson. THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY In the booklet "Guidelines for Geographic Education", published by the Joint Committee on Geographic Education of the National Council for Geographic Education and the Association of American Geographers, five central themes of geography were identified. These five themes of geography have been widely accepted by educators. The lessons in the Discovery Series Wall Lessons have been correlated to these five themes. The attached Five Themes Correlation may be used to identify which theme is being addressed within each lesson. The five themes and a summary statement for each theme are listed below. Location: Position on the Earth's Surface Absolute and relative location are two ways of describing the positions of people and places on the earth's surface. Place: Physical and Human Characteristics All places on the earth have distinctive tangible and intangible characteristics that give them meaning and character and distinguish them from other places. Geographers generally describe places by their physical or human characteristics. Relationships Within Places: Humans and Environments All places on the earth have advantages and disadvantages for human settlement. High population densities have developed on flood plains, for example, where people could take advantage of fertile soils, water resources, and opportunities for river transportation. By comparison, population densities are usually low in deserts. Yet flood plains are periodically subjected to severe damage, and some desert area, such as Israel, have been modified to support large population concentrations. Movement: Humans Interacting on the Earth Human beings occupy places unevenly across the face of the earth. Some live on farms or in the country, other live in towns, villages or cities. Yet these people interact with one another; that is, they travel from one place to another, they communicate with one another or they rely upon products, information and ideas that come from beyond there immediate environment. The most visible evidence of global interdependence and the interaction of places are the transportation and communication lines that link every part of the world. These demonstrate that most people interact with other places almost every day of their lives. This may involve nothing more than a Georgian eating apples grown in the state of Washington and shipped to Atlanta by rail or truck. On a larger scale, international trade demonstrates that no country is self-sufficient. Regions: How They Form and Change The basic unit of geographic study is the region, an area that displays unity in terms of selected criteria.